Validation of risk factors for recurrence of renal cell carcinoma: Results from a large single-institution series.

TitleValidation of risk factors for recurrence of renal cell carcinoma: Results from a large single-institution series.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2019
Authorsvan der Mijn JC, Awamlh BAl Hussein, Khan AIslam, Posada-Calderon L, Oromendia C, Fainberg J, Alshak M, Elahjji R, Pierce H, Taylor B, Gudas LJ, Nanus DM, Molina AM, Del Pizzo J, Scherr DS
JournalPLoS One
Volume14
Issue12
Paginatione0226285
Date Published2019
ISSN1932-6203
Abstract

PURPOSE: To validate prognostic factors and determine the impact of obesity, hypertension, smoking and diabetes mellitus (DM) on risk of recurrence after surgery in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study among patients that underwent partial or radical nephrectomy at Weill Cornell Medicine for RCC and collected preoperative information on RCC risk factors, as well as pathological data. Cases were reviewed for radiographic evidence of RCC recurrence. A Cox proportional-hazards model was developed to determine the contribution of RCC risk factors to recurrence risk. Disease-free survival and overall survival were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test.

RESULTS: We identified 873 patients who underwent surgery for RCC between the years 2000-2015. In total 115 patients (13.2%) experienced a disease recurrence after a median follow up of 4.9 years. In multivariate analysis, increasing pathological T-stage (HR 1.429, 95% CI 1.265-1.614) and Nuclear grade (HR 2.376, 95% CI 1.734-3.255) were independently associated with RCC recurrence. In patients with T1-2 tumors, DM was identified as an additional independent risk factor for RCC recurrence (HR 2.744, 95% CI 1.343-5.605). Patients with DM had a significantly shorter median disease-free survival (1.5 years versus 2.6 years, p = 0.004), as well as median overall survival (4.1 years, versus 5.8 years, p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: We validated high pathological T-stage and nuclear grade as independent risk factors for RCC recurrence following nephrectomy. DM is associated with an increased risk of recurrence among patients with early stage disease.

DOI10.1371/journal.pone.0226285
Alternate JournalPLoS ONE
PubMed ID31815952
PubMed Central IDPMC6901215